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“What you must do, what you should do and what would be nice to do.”

Do you know the difference?

Johnny Sandhu of BV does and he presents a great PP on it at the Global Sources Trade Show Seminar, Buying from China: What new buyers need to know.

First, what you must do includes anything that is mandated by either the Chinese government of the government of the country that you’re importing into.  If you don’t comply with these regulations you’ll be breaking the law and maybe get your goods either confiscated or stuck in port.  Part of this is also your necessary research into what expenses (duties, taxes) you’ll be paying to legally export and import your product.  Your 3PQ and customs broker can/will tell you each and every thing that you must do to meet compliance standards—all you have to do is ask.

Second, what you should do would include anything that is not mandated but is morally right and/or is conventionally accepted practice in your industry.

This is where I find that many people coming to China lose their way.  The idea that “China is risky, so let’s just go for it” is really the wrong way to see things.  In fact, China is really not much more risky that you’re willing to make it yourself.  CLB just ran this on trademark law in China, for example.

The funny thing about foreigners here is that some of us will scream and rant about how bad it is here but then turn around and say something akin to “when in Rome!”  You can’t have it both ways.  If you expect your supplier to be honest with you, you must be honest with him and not give him (or anyone else) any reason to question your ethics.

Bottom line?  Just “do the right thing.”  Meet all the standards you can and are expected back home, even if you’re not going to get tested for them.  Does this cost more?  Yes.  Does it take more time?  Yes.  Is it worth is?  Yes.  Definitely.

Sometimes we lose customers because we tell the ugly truth—we over estimate rather than underestimate expected time, problems and costs.  We are rarely wrong in our estimations and when we are it is always because we were still too optimistic (but much closer to reality than we would have been otherwise).  As you can guess, because of this policy, we are hardly ever the fastest or the cheapest bid.  But I regularly have people come back to me and hire me to fix projects they started with people who gave them “better” bids than what we offered but can’t meet their own commitments.

The point is this: I believe in playing it safe and I believe in karma.  Over-estimate problems/expenses and underestimate success/profit and you’ll probably come out just about right.  And even if the right thing looks bad on paper, do the right thing and you’ll come out better for it in the end.

Third, what would be nice to do.  This is anything that you think will give your product a marketing or other advantage.  This has nothing to do with testing or taxes but everything to do with sales and/or product uniqueness.   These are also the things that the 3PQ can’t define for you.

You cannot mix these three categories up (must, should, nice).  If you focus on the nice-to-have and neglect the must-have you may find that your product can’t be imported into your home country or after you go through all the headaches of production in China there is a 217% duty that puts you in debt rather than makes you any money at all (what happened to someone I just met at the show last week).

The City of *#$&ing Yes.

Questions from Buyers at the Global Sources Electronics Show in Hong Kong this past week.

1. Buyer Question: So where do you live in Cina?

My Answer: Shenzhen.

Buyer Response: “Ah… the (beeping) city of  (beeping) ‘Yes.’  To bad I’ve never found a (beeping) factory that can actually do what they (beeping) say they can.”  (No exaggeration, he really said this.  Actually, I probably left out a couple of bleeps.)

Following up on this—just this AM—in the office we’re talking about a shipping schedule that is later than we’d like due to the recent holiday.  The question in point isn’t the date, it’s the way the dates were communicated.  I was told “usually the closing date is Wednesday each week.”  But the reality is, because of the holiday, there were two weeks that this was not the case.  Specifically, we were supposed to ship sometime during those two week, but didn’t because what was “usual” and what was really happening was not the same.

Maybe this seams like a trivial point.  “Of course you can’t expect things to work the same on holidays” you may be saying.  But that is the point—I don’t expect things to work the same on holiday, but I do expect those differences to be clearly detailed when I ask for them.  I don’t want to hear “Yes” now only to find out later that “Yes” really meant, “Yes, but not this time.”  As the buyer had already experienced, this is way to common in China.

2. Buyer Question:  Where do I go to find out what is legal and illegal to export from China and into my home country?

My Answer: First talk with your customs broker.  Their job is to be up to date on these specific things.  Other resources would included your freight forwarder, local government offices.  Be warned, I’ve never heard of or found a really user-friendly website for Chinese customs.  You’re going to need someone that can deal with customs in Chinese to find out exactly what the domestic requirements are.

3. Buyer Question: What language should I use when I’m contracting with my Chinese supplier?

My Answer: See China Law Blog’s answer to this very question—just this week!  In brief, it’s Chinese by default unless your Chinese contract specifically says (in Chinese) that it’s the other language.

4. Buyer Question: Is there anything else that you think that we need to know about working in China?

My Short Answer: Tons!  How many years to you have?

My Long Answer (you knew I couldn’t just have a short answer): Going to China from western Europe or the US is not the same as going from Chicago to LA on a business trip—the sights and accents are different, but it’s basically the same.  China is not the same.  You need to have both a product/industry expert (usually you) and a China expert to work effectively in China.  Remember, language, logistics, negotiations, banking, legal management and cultural processes are all significantly different.  Even many Overseas Chinese have difficulties here because it’s structurally and culturally so different.

Basically, Register your product/brand, Research your potential suppliers, Visit production sites, Contract all specs and details, QC every order multiple times, and Confirm everything over and over again.  Do these things for every supplier and every product, every time.

Here is a list of (my) Rules for Working in China.

  1. The number of factory visits you make before and during production directly equals the quality of the product you’ll actually export.
  2. No one cares about your product as much as you do—don’t expect them to.
  3. You will never guilt a Chinese factory into “doing the right thing” if it costs them money.
  4. If you don’t do QC you might as well take your money to Macao (or Vegas or Monaco).  You’ll get about the same odds and have a much better time losing your money.
  5. Never pay any money without doing some (a lot) due diligence first.
  6. Always pull your own samples for QC and testing.
  7. Technology is great, but fax, phone and email are not enough to manage production in China from thousands of miles away.
  8. You can’t do QC via Skype video conference.
  9. If you didn’t record it and can’t reproduce it then it never happened.
  10. What you see online and what really exists can be two completely different things.
  11. Quality issues are really money issues.  Every time.  Without exception.
  12. On a good day you can have any two, but not three, of the following: quality product, low prices, quick production turnaround.
  13. K.I.S.S. your communications over and over again..  Keep It Simple, Stupid.  Remember while English may be your second or third language it’s definitely your supplier’s second or third language.  So be VERY clear in everything you say.
  14. The more customization your product requires the more problems you’ll have and the more time you’ll need to get it done right.
  15. Sometimes paying more to get only what you originally contracted for is the best option.
  16. The more time you have to ship your product the lower the cost will be.
  17. Payment terms (Net 30, for example) and Incoterms (FOB, DDP) are not the same thing.
  18. Unless you’re using prison labor, you should always be able to go into the factory and do your own QC.  And even if you are using prison labor, you can still hire local Chinese QC to go in and represent you. Trust me on this one.
  19. Factory MNC or ISO certification means nothing.  You can buy the wall plaques and paper work, and at best, it’s a double-edged sword.  Yes, it can give you an idea of the capabilities of the factory.  But do not assume that because they’ve met this standard once for an audit that they meet these standards or use these processes in production every time.  Yes, certification means that they’ve been, to some degree, tutored and managed (at least once) by an international team.  But each MNC’s standards are very different.  And an “audit” my have been a 30 minute visit designed to pass rather than to critique.  Again, trust me on this one.
  20. Over-promise under-deliver has not made it to China yet.  So the samples you get are always going to be better than production—expect this or learn to live with disappointment.
  21. Much of what you cut out when you go factory direct has value—you must make up that value on your own.  QC is the most obvious piece, but there are others too—auditing, social compliance, printing, packaging, licensing, exporting, international shipping, customs clearance, etc.  These things will cost you time and money.  If you work for free and have no deadlines then you should do everything yourself.
  22. Suppliers will NEVER offer to pay for the cost of missed delivery dates.  And they’ll only pay for anything if they are either contractually forced to or if you have the cash leverage that allows you to withhold payment.
  23. Bad product will NEVER be returned to China for repair/replacement.

Hangzhou, Hainan and Hong Kong

I spent a week last month working with a factory in Hangzhou.  The factory was great but I’m sure that I lost a week of my life due to the pollution (lucky I didn’t lose my life due to the traffic).  Hangzhou was so polluted that it makes the PRD look clean and sunny.  Maybe it’s the recession that’s making the PRD look so nice lately… But back to Hangzhou, I’m really not sure which was worse, the traffic or the pollution.  I’ve lived over here for more 10 years and the traffic there was surprisingly awful but each night I could feel the grit on my teeth.  Yet Hangzhou is not even on the list of the most polluted cities in China.  Scary.  Nice lake, too bad you can barely see across it. IMG_0289 small

Two days after returning from Hangzhou I went to Sanya for a few days of vacation.  In contrast to Hangzhou, Hainan, specifically Haikou, is on the list of cleanest places to live in China.  Partly due to the fact that there is no manufacturing in Hainan and partly due to the fact that a typhoon just passed through, it was beautiful!  Dare I say pristine, even?  Surpassing my expectations in every way, I can honestly say it was the nicest place I’ve ever stayed in China.  Really very clean, uncrowded, with lots of fresh seafood and fruit, long empty beaches, blue skies and some very nice hotels.  Highly recommended.                                 IMG_0448 small

Oh, yea, and there were tons of Russian speaking tourists there too–how random is that?  I guess that it’s easier to get a visa to China from many of the Central Asian States that it is to Thailand or other SEA beach destinations.  Everything there was in Chinese or Russian–hardly any English at all.  Very odd experience to be in China and not be able to communicate with any of the other occidental expats.  Also, I’ve never been to a beach where I was shorter (or more clothed) than a majority of the women.  Sorry, no photos.                     CCCP USSR Bar small

Finally, over the next two weeks I’ll be speaking in Hong Kong at the Semi-Annual Global Sources Trade Shows at the AsiaWorld Expo out by the Hong Kong International Airport.  In addition to the general group presentations each day you can book time with any one of the speakers for individual advice and Q&A too.

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Week One:  schedule

Tuesday, Oct. 13th and Wednesday Oct. 14th, 12:30 to 3:00, Buying from China: What New Buyers Need to Know.

Mike Bellamy, Passage Maker

David Dayton, Silk Road International

Johnny Sadhu, BV

Benjamin Dolgin-Gardner, Shenzhen CE and IT

Charles Kirmuss, Kirmuss & Associates.

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Week Two schedule

Tuesday, Oct. 20th and Thursday Oct. 22nd, 12:30 to 3:00, Buying from China: What New Buyers Need to know.

Mike Bellamy, Passage Maker

David Dayton, Silk Road International

Johnny Sadhu, BV